Umlando wentuthukoizibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwekungalandelelwa emuva maphakathi nekhulu le-19 lapho kwasungulwa khona idivayisi yokuqala yokuphakelwa kwamandla elanga. Eminyakeni edlule, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhathazeka okwandayo ngezemvelo kuholele ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwezibani zelanga. Namuhla, lezi zixazululo zokukhanyisa ezintsha ziyingxenye ebalulekile yezindawo zangaphandle, zithuthukisa ubuhle bazo futhi zinikeza ukukhanya okusimeme. Phakathi kwalezi zibani zelanga, izibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe zivelele njengento evelele ehlanganisa ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokulula.
Umqondo wokukhanya kwelanga uqala ngemodeli eyisisekelo equkethe amaphaneli elanga, amabhethri, kanye nemithombo yokukhanya. Izibani zelanga zakuqala zazisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude ezingenawo ugesi, njengezindawo zasemakhaya nasezindaweni zokukhempa. Lezi zibani zithembele kumandla elanga ukushaja amabhethri azo emini bese zinika amandla umthombo wokukhanya ebusuku. Nakuba ziyindlela ehlukile enobungani nemvelo, ukusebenza kwazo okulinganiselwe kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo kabanzi.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, izibani zelanga ziyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka ekusebenzeni kahle kanye nobuhle. Izibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe, ikakhulukazi, zidonsele ukunaka ngenxa yokwakheka kwazo okuncane kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukile. Lezi zibani zihlanganisiwe, okusho ukuthi zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni kwazo zihlanganiswe kahle kwiyunithi eyodwa. Iphaneli yelanga, ibhethri, izibani ze-LED, kanye nenzwa yokukhanya kufakwe kahle ngaphakathi kwendlu eqinile, okwenza kube lula ukuyifaka nokuyinakekela.
Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic (PV) ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe. Amaseli e-photovoltaic, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi amaphaneli elanga, aya ngokuya ephumelela kakhulu ekubambeni ukukhanya kwelanga nokuyiguqula ibe ugesi. Lokhu kwanda kokusebenza kahle kuvumela izibani zelanga ukuthi zikhiqize ugesi ngisho noma ukukhanya kwelanga kuncane, okwenza zifaneleke ezindaweni ezisezindaweni ezinethunzi elincane.
Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ukwakheka kwezibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe nakho kuye kwaba kuhle kakhulu. Namuhla, lezi zibani ziza ngezitayela ezahlukene kanye nokuqedwa, kusukela kwesimanje nokuhle kuya kokuhlotshiswe ngokwendabuko. Lokhu kukhetha okubanzi kuvumela abanikazi bezindlu, abaklami bezindawo, kanye nabakhi bezakhiwo ukuthi bakhethe izinto ezihlangana kahle nokuhlobisa kwabo kwangaphandle, okuthuthukisa isimo sendawo iyonke.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezici ezithuthukisiwe kwandisa ukusebenza kwezibani zelanga ezihlanganisiwe. Amamodeli amaningi manje afika nezinzwa zokunyakaza ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezivula ngokuzenzakalelayo izibani lapho umuntu esondela. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngokulula, kodwa futhi kusebenza njengesinyathelo sokuphepha ukuvimbela abangeneleli abangaba khona. Izici ezengeziwe zifaka phakathi izilungiselelo zokukhanya ezilungisekayo, izibali-sikhathi ezihlelwayo, kanye nokusebenza kokulawula okude, okunikeza abasebenzisi ukulawula okuphelele kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kokukhanya kwangaphandle.
Ngaphezu komklamo wazo omusha kanye nokusebenza kwazo, izibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe nazo zithandwa ngenxa yezici zazo ezinobungani nemvelo. Ngokusebenzisa amandla elanga, lezi zibani zisiza ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokuthembela kumafutha angaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba zisebenza ngokuzimela, ziqeda isidingo sokuxhuma ugesi, zinciphisa izindleko zokufaka kanye nezidingo zokulungisa. Lokhu kuzenza zibe yisisombululo esifanele sokukhanyisa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zangaphandle, okuhlanganisa izingadi, izindawo zokuhamba, amapaki, kanye nezindawo zomphakathi.
Njengoba impilo eqhubekayo iba yinto evamile, isidingo sezinye izindlela ezinobungani nemvelo, okuhlanganisa izibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe, siyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ohulumeni, izinhlangano, kanye nabantu ngabanye bayaqaphela amandla amandla elanga njengomthombo wamandla ahlanzekile futhi avuselelekayo. Lesi sidingo esikhulayo sikhuthaze ukusungula izinto ezintsha emkhakheni, okuholele ekuthuthukisweni kokugcinwa kwebhethri, ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli elanga, kanye nokuqina okuphelele kwalezi zibani.
Ngamafuphi, izibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe sezihambe ibanga elide kusukela zasungulwa. Kusukela kumadivayisi elanga ayisisekelo kuya kumadivayisi ahlanganisiwe athuthukisiwe, lezi zibani zishintshe ukukhanya kwangaphandle. Umklamo wazo ongenamthungo, ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nezici ezinobungani nemvelo kwenza kube ukukhetha okuphezulu kokubili kwezicelo zokuhlala nezentengiselwano. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka kanye nokuqwashisa ngemvelo kukhula, ikusasa libukeka liqhakazile ngezibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe, zikhanyise izikhala zangaphandle ngenkathi zinciphisa umthelela wethu emhlabeni.
Uma unesifiso ngezibani zengadi zelanga ezihlanganisiwe, wamukelekile ukuxhumana noTianxiang kuthola ikhotheshini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-24-2023
