Uma kufikaukukhanya kwenkundla yangaphandle, ukukhetha okufanele kwezakhiwo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubonakala okuphelele, ukuphepha nokusebenza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhanyisa inkundla yebhola lezinyawo, inkundla ye-baseball, noma indawo yethrekhi nenkundla, ikhwalithi yokukhanya ingaba nomthelela obonakalayo kubasubathi nababukeli. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha izibani zenkundla yangaphandle.
1. Qonda izidingo zokukhanyisa
Ngaphambi kokungena emininingwaneni yokukhethwa kwemidlalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimfuneko zokukhanyisa emdlalweni wakho othize. Imidlalo ehlukene inezidingo zokukhanyisa ezihlukene ngokusekelwe ezingeni lokuncintisana, usayizi wendawo kanye nesikhathi sokuncintisana. Isibonelo, inkundla yebhola lezinyawo ekhokhelwayo ingase idinge izinga eliphezulu le-lux (elikalwa ngamalumens ngemitha yesikwele) kunenkundla ye-baseball yomphakathi wasendaweni.
Amaleveli entokozo ayisisekelo ngezemidlalo:
- Ibhola: 500-1000 lux for imidlalo amateur; 1500-2000 lux for imidlalo professional.
- I-baseball: 300-500 lux for nayizimfundamakhwela; 1000-1500 lux ochwepheshe.
- Athletics: 300-500 lux ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa; 1000-1500 lux ngesikhathi sokuncintisana.
Ukuqonda lezi zidingo kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume uhlobo nenani lemidlalo edingekayo yenkundla yakho.
2. Khetha uhlobo lokukhanya olulungile
Uma kuziwa ekukhanyisweni kwenkundla yangaphandle, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe:
a. Ukukhanya kwe-LED
Izibani ze-LED ziya ngokuya zithandwa ekukhanyisweni kwezemidlalo yangaphandle ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwazo kwamandla, impilo ende kanye nezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi. Zihlinzeka ngokugqamile, ngisho nokukhanya futhi zingafiphaliswa kalula noma zilungiswe ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zokukhanyisa. Ukwengeza, ubuchwepheshe be-LED buthuthuke kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lapho bungakhiqiza ukukhanya kwekhwalithi ephezulu okunciphisa ukuxhopha, okubalulekile kubo bobabili abasubathi nababukeli.
b. Isibani se-Metal halide
Izibani ze-Metal halide bezilokhu ziyinketho yendabuko yokukhanyisa kwezemidlalo. Zinokunikezwa kombala okuhle kakhulu nokukhishwa kwe-lumen ephezulu, okuzenza zifanelekele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, zisebenzisa amandla amaningi kunama-LED futhi zinesikhathi esifushane sokuphila, okungaholela ezindlekweni zokusebenza eziphezulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
c. Isibani se-sodium (HPS) enengcindezi ephezulu
Amalambu e-HPS angenye inketho, eyaziwa ngokusebenza kahle kwawo nempilo ende. Nokho, ukukhanya okuphuzi abakukhiphayo kungase kungafaneleki kuyo yonke imidlalo, ikakhulukazi leyo edinga ukumelwa kombala okunembile.
3. Cabangela i-engeli ye-beam
I-engeli ye-beam ye-luminaire ingenye into ebalulekile ekukhanyisweni kwenkundla yangaphandle. I-engeli ewumngcingo encane ingagxila ekukhanyeni endaweni ethile, kuyilapho i-engeli ye-beam ebanzi ingakhanyisa isikhala esikhulu. Ezinkundleni zemidlalo, inhlanganisela yakho kokubili kungase kudingeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izindawo zikhanyiswa ngokwanele ngaphandle kokudala amabala amnyama.
Amathiphu okukhetha i-engeli ye-Beam:
- I-Angle ye-Narrow Beam: Ilungele ukukhanyisa kwesigxobo esiphezulu lapho kudingeka khona ukukhanya okugxilile.
- I-angle ye-wide beam: Ifanele ukukhanya kwendawo evamile ukumboza isikhala esikhulu.
4. Linganisa izinga lokushisa lombala
Izinga lokushisa lombala likalwa nge-Kelvin (K) futhi lithinta indlela ukukhanya okuvela ngayo endaweni ezungezile. Ngokukhanya kwenkundla yezemidlalo yangaphandle, ngokuvamile kuyanconywa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lombala libe phakathi kuka-4000K no-6000K. Lolu hlu luhlinzeka ngokukhanya okumhlophe okugqamile okuthuthukisa ukubonakala futhi kunciphisa ukukhathala kwamehlo kubasubathi nezibukeli.
Izinzuzo zezinga lokushisa lombala eliphakeme:
- Ukubonakala okuthuthukisiwe nokucaca.
- Ukunikezwa kombala okuthuthukisiwe kokusebenza okungcono.
- Yehlisa ukubenyezela, okubalulekile emijahweni yasebusuku.
5. Linganisa ukuqina kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu
Ukukhanyisa kwenkundla yangaphandle kumele kumelane nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa imvula, iqhwa namazinga okushisa aphakeme. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi ezimelana nesimo sezulu. Bheka izinto ezilungiswayo ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuvikelwa kokungena (IP), okubonisa amandla azo okumelana nothuli nokuswakama.
Izinga le-IP elinconyiwe:
- IP65: ivikela uthuli futhi imelana nejethi yamanzi.
- IP67: Ivikela uthuli futhi imelana nokucwiliswa emanzini.
6. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokusimama
Njengoba izindleko zamandla zikhuphuka kanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo kuba nzima kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla sekuyinto ebalulekile ekukhetheni izinto zokukhanyisa ezinkundleni zemidlalo zangaphandle. Izibani ze-LED ziyinketho eyonga kakhulu amandla, zisebenzisa amandla angaphansi kwama-75% kunezixazululo zokukhanyisa zendabuko. Ukwengeza, cabangela izinto ezilungiswayo ezihambisana nezilawuli zokukhanyisa ezihlakaniphile, ezivumela ukufiphala okuzenzakalelayo nokuhlela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
7. Ukufakwa kanye nokugcinwa
Okokugcina, cabangela izici zokufaka nokugcinwa kwesistimu yokukhanyisa oyikhethayo. Ezinye izibani zingadinga ukufakwa okukhethekile, kuyilapho ezinye zingafakwa kalula. Futhi, cabanga ngezidingo zokunakekela zesikhathi eside, okuhlanganisa ukushintshwa kwama-bulb nokuhlanza. Ukukhetha izinto ze-LED kungaholela ekulungisweni okuncane ngoba zihlala isikhathi eside.
Ekuphetheni
Ukukhetha okulungileizinto zokukhanyiswa kwenkundla yezemidlalo yangaphandlekudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izidingo zokukhanyisa, uhlobo lwendawo, i-engeli ye-beam, izinga lokushisa lombala, ukuqina, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokunakekelwa. Ngokuthatha isikhathi sokuhlola lezi zici, ungakha indawo ekhanyiswe kahle ethuthukisa umuzwa wabasubathi nezibukeli, uqinisekise ukuthi yonke igeyimu idlalwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthuthukisa isikhungo esikhona noma uklama esisha, isisombululo esifanele sokukhanyisa sizokwenza umehluko.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-26-2024
