Isizathu sokuthi kungani izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zithandwa kakhulu ukuthi amandla asetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa avela kumandla elanga, ngakho-ke izibani zelanga zinesici sokushaja ugesi we-zero. Iyini imininingwane yokuklamaizibani zomgwaqo welanga? Okulandelayo yisingeniso salesi sici.
Imininingwane yokuklama yesibani somgwaqo welanga:
1) Idizayini yokuthambekela
Ukuze wenze amamojula amaseli elanga athole imisebe yelanga eningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngonyaka, sidinga ukukhetha i-angle yokutsheka efanelekile yamamojula weseli yelanga.
Ingxoxo mayelana nokuthambekela okuphelele kwamamojula we-solar cell isekelwe ezifundeni ezahlukene.
2) Idizayini ekwazi ukumelana nomoya
Kuhlelo lwesibani somgwaqo welanga, umklamo wokumelana komoya ungenye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu esakhiweni. Idizayini ekwazi ukumelana nomoya ihlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko ibe izingxenye ezimbili, enye idizayini ekwazi ukumelana nomoya kabakaki wemojula yebhethri, kanti enye iwukuklanywa kwesigxobo sesibani esimelana nomoya.
(1) Idizayini yokumelana komoya yobakaki wemojuli yamaseli elanga
Ngokusho kwedatha yepharamitha yobuchwepheshe yemojuli yebhethriumkhiqizi, ingcindezi ephezulu engamelana nemojuli yeseli yelanga ingu-2700Pa. Uma i-coefficient yokumelana komoya ikhethwa njengo-27m/s (okulingana nesishingishane sobukhulu obuyi-10), ngokuya nge-non-viscous hydrodynamics, ukucindezela komoya okuthwalwa yimojula yebhethri kungu-365Pa kuphela. Ngakho-ke, imojula ngokwayo ingakwazi ukumelana ngokugcwele nesivinini somoya esingu-27m/s ngaphandle kokulimala. Ngakho-ke, ukhiye okufanele ucatshangelwe ekwakhiweni ukuxhumana phakathi kukabakaki wemojula yebhethri nesigxobo sesibani.
Ekuklanyweni kohlelo lwesibani esivamile somgwaqo, ukuxhumana phakathi kukabakaki wemojuli yebhethri nesigxobo sesibani kuklanyelwe ukumiswa futhi kuxhunywe ngesigxobo sebhawudo.
(2) Umklamo wokumelana nomoya weisigxobo sesibani somgwaqo
Imingcele yezibani zomgwaqo imi kanje:
Ukuthambekela kwephaneli yebhethri A=15o ubude bepali yesibani=6m
Dizayina bese ukhetha ububanzi bokushisela ezansi kwesigxobo sesibani δ = 3.75mm isigxobo esikhanyayo ngezansi ububanzi obungaphandle =132mm
Ingaphezulu le-weld liyindawo eyonakele yesigxobo sesibani. Ibanga ukusuka endaweni yokubala engu-P yesikhathi sokumelana W endaweni ehlulekayo yesigxobo sesibani ukuya emugqeni wesenzo wephaneli yebhethri yomthwalo wesenzo F esigxotsheni sesibani
I-PQ = [6000+(150+6)/tan16o] × Sin16o = 1545mm=1.845m。 Ngakho-ke, umzuzu wesenzo somthwalo womoya endaweni yokuhluleka kwesigxobo sesibani M=F × 1.845.
Ngokuya ngesivinini esivunyelwe somoya somklamo esiphezulu esingu-27m/s, umthwalo oyisisekelo ongu-30W wephaneli yesilambu somgwaqo onamakhanda amabili elanga ungu-480N. Uma kucatshangelwa isici sokuphepha esingu-1.3, F=1.3 × 480 =624N.
Ngakho-ke, M=F × 1.545 = 949 × 1.545 = 1466N.m.
Ngokusho kokutholwa kwezibalo, umzuzu wokumelana nendawo yokuhluleka kwe-toroidal W=π × (3r2 δ+ 3r δ 2+ δ 3).
Kule fomula engenhla, u-r uwububanzi bangaphakathi bendandatho, δ Ububanzi beringi.
Isikhathi sokumelana nendawo yokwehluleka W=π × (3r2 δ+ 3r δ 2+ δ 3)
=π × (3 × amakhulu ayisishiyagalombili namashumi amane nambili × 4+3 × amashumi ayisishiyagalombili nane × 42+43)= 88768mm3
=88.768 × 10－6 m3
Ukucindezelwa okubangelwa isikhashana sesenzo sokulayisha komoya endaweni yokuhluleka=M/W
= 1466/(88.768 × 10－6) =16.5 × 106pa =16.5 Mpa<<215Mpa
Lapho, i-215 Mpa ingamandla okugoba ensimbi ye-Q235.
Ukuthululwa kwesisekelo kufanele kuhambisane nemininingwane yokwakha yokukhanyisa umgwaqo. Ungalokothi usike amakhona futhi usike izinto zokwakha ukuze wenze isisekelo esincane kakhulu, noma isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi esibani somgwaqo sizobe singazinzile, futhi kulula ukulahla futhi kubangele izingozi zokuphepha.
Uma i-angle yokuthambekela yokusekelwa kwelanga iklanyelwe enkulu kakhulu, izokwandisa ukumelana nomoya. I-engeli enengqondo kufanele yakhelwe ngaphandle kokuthinta ukumelana komoya kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa lokukhanya kwelanga.
Ngakho-ke, uma nje ububanzi nobukhulu besigxobo sesibani kanye ne-weld kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama, futhi ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo kulungile, ukuthambekela kwemoduli yelanga kunengqondo, ukumelana komoya kwesigxobo sesibani akuyona inkinga.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-03-2023
