Ukukhanyisa emgwaqwenikuyisici esibalulekile sokuhlela amadolobha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda. Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwabashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo, kodwa futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha ezindaweni zomphakathi. Njengoba amadolobha ekhula futhi ethuthuka, ukuqonda imingcele yokukhanyisa imigwaqo kubalulekile ekuklanyweni nasekusetshenzisweni okuphumelelayo. Lesi sihloko sibheka ngokujulile imingcele ebalulekile echaza ukukhanya kwemigwaqo, siqinisekise ukuthi izidingo zabo bonke abasebenzisi bomgwaqo ziyahlangatshezwa.
1. Izinga Lokukhanyisa
Enye yemingcele eyinhloko yokukhanya komgwaqo yizinga lokukhanya, elilinganiswa ngokukhanya okuphezulu. Lokhu kubhekisela enanini lokukhanya eliwela phezu kwendawo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemigwaqo zidinga amazinga ahlukene okukhanya. Isibonelo, imigwaqo emikhulu ngokuvamile idinga amazinga aphezulu okukhanya kunemigwaqo yokuhlala. I-Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) inikeza isiqondiso esichaza amazinga okukhanya anconyiwe ezinhlobo ezahlukene zemigwaqo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukubonakala kwanele ukuze kuhambeke ngokuphephile.
2. Ukufana
Ukufana kungenye ipharamitha ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezibani zomgwaqo. Kulinganisa ukuhambisana kokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya endaweni ethile. Ukufana okuphezulu kubonisa ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okulinganayo, kunciphisa amathuba okuba namabala amnyama angadala izingozi zokuphepha. Ukufana kubalwa ngokuhlukanisa ukukhanya okuncane ngokukhanya okujwayelekile. Ekukhanyeni komgwaqo, isilinganiso esingu-0.4 noma ngaphezulu ngokuvamile sibhekwa njengesamukelekayo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izindawo zikhanyisiwe ngokwanele.
3. Inkomba Yokunikeza Umbala (i-CRI)
Inkomba yokunikeza umbala (i-CRI) iyisilinganiso sokuthi umthombo wokukhanya ubonisa imibala ngokunembile kangakanani uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhanya kwemvelo. Ekukhanyeni komgwaqo, i-CRI ephezulu iyathandeka ngoba ivumela abashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo ukuthi babone umbala ngokunembile, okubalulekile ekuboneni izimpawu zomgwaqo, izimpawu zomgwaqo, kanye nezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile ezibonakalayo. Ezinhlelweni zokukhanyisa emgwaqweni, i-CRI engama-70 noma ngaphezulu ivame ukunconywa.
4. Uhlobo Lomthombo Wokukhanya
Uhlobo lomthombo wokukhanya osetshenziswa ekukhanyeni komgwaqo luthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, izindleko zokulungisa kanye nokusebenza kahle kwayo yonke indawo. Imithombo yokukhanya evamile ihlanganisa i-sodium ephezulu (HPS), i-metal halide (MH), kanye nama-diode akhipha ukukhanya (ama-LED).
- I-High Pressure Sodium (HPS): Eyaziwa ngokukhanya kwayo okuphuzi, izibani ze-HPS zisebenza kahle futhi zihlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, inkomba yazo yokubonisa umbala ephansi ingenza kube nzima ukuhlonza umbala.
- I-Metal Halide (MH): Lezi zibani zinikeza ukukhanya okumhlophe futhi zine-CRI ephezulu, okwenza zifaneleke ezindaweni lapho ukuhlonza umbala kubaluleke khona. Kodwa-ke, zisebenzisa amandla amaningi futhi zinesikhathi esifushane sokuphila kunezibani ze-sodium ezinomfutho ophezulu.
- I-Light Emitting Diode (i-LED): Ama-LED aya ngokuya ethandwa ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwamandla, isikhathi eside sokuphila, kanye nekhono lokunikeza amazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene emibala. Avumela futhi ukulawula okungcono kokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya, ukunciphisa ukungcola kokukhanya kanye nokukhanya okukhanyayo.
5. Ukuphakama Kwezinsika Nesikhala
Ukuphakama kanye nesikhala sezinsika zokukhanya kuyimingcele ebalulekile ethinta umphumela wokukhanya komgwaqo. Izinsika ezinde zingakhanyisa indawo enkulu, kanti izinsika ezimfushane zingadinga isikhala esiseduze ukuze kufinyelelwe izinga elifanayo lokumbozwa. Ukuphakama kanye nesikhala esifanele kuncike ohlotsheni lomgwaqo, umthombo wokukhanya osetshenzisiwe kanye namazinga okukhanya adingekayo. Ukubekwa kahle kwezinsika zokukhanya kunciphisa izithunzi futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya kufinyelela kuzo zonke izindawo zomgwaqo.
6. Ukulawula Ukukhazimula
I-Glare iyinkinga ebalulekile ekukhanyeni komgwaqo ngoba iphazamisa ukubonakala futhi idala izimo zokushayela eziyingozi. Umklamo wokukhanyisa emgwaqweni ophumelelayo uhlanganisa izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukukhanya, njengokusebenzisa amadivayisi okuhlola noma ukuqondisa ukukhanya phansi. Umgomo ukunikeza ukukhanya okwanele ngaphandle kokubangela ukungakhululeki kubashayeli noma kwabahamba ngezinyawo. Ukulawula ukukhanya kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni lapho izibani zomgwaqo ziseduze nezakhiwo zokuhlala namabhizinisi.
7. Ukusebenza Kahle Kwamandla
Njengoba kunokukhathazeka okwandayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nomthelela emvelweni, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla sekuyinto ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kokukhanya komgwaqo. Ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya eyonga amandla njenge-LED kunganciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi kunciphise izindleko zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufaka ubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa obuhlakaniphile, njengezinhlelo zokukhanyisa eziguquguqukayo ezilungisa ukukhanya ngokusekelwe ezimweni zethrafikhi, kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
8. Ukugcinwa Nokuqina
Izidingo zokunakekelwa kanye nokuqina kwemishini yokukhanyisa emgwaqweni kubalulekile. Izinhlelo zokukhanyisa kufanele zakhiwe ukuze zifinyeleleke kalula ukuze kube lula ukulungisa nokunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni imishini yokukhanyisa kufanele ziqine futhi zimelane nesimo sezulu ukuze zimelane nezimo zemvelo. Kufanele kuthuthukiswe uhlelo lokulungisa olujwayelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokukhanyisa zihlala zisebenza futhi zisebenza kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
9. Umthelela Wezemvelo
Okokugcina, umthelela wokukhanya komgwaqo emvelweni awunakunakwa. Ukungcoliswa kokukhanya, okulimaza imvelo futhi kuthinte impilo yabantu, kuyinto ekhathazayo ekhulayo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ukuklama izinhlelo zokukhanyisa emgwaqweni ezinciphisa ukuchitheka kokukhanya kanye nokukhanya kungasiza ekunciphiseni le miphumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokonga amandla kusiza ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni futhi kuhambisana nemigomo yentuthuko esimeme.
Ekuphetheni
Ngamafuphi, imingcele yokukhanyisa imigwaqo ihlanganisa izici eziningi ezithinta ukuphepha, ukubonakala kanye nomthelela emvelweni. Ngokucabangela amazinga okukhanyisa, izilinganiso ezifanayo, uhlobo lomthombo wokukhanya, ukuphakama kwepole kanye nesikhala, ukulawulwa kokukhanya, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukugcinwa kanye nomthelela emvelweni, abahleli bedolobha kanye nonjiniyela bangaklama izinhlelo zokukhanyisa imigwaqo ezisebenzayo ezithuthukisa ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila kubo bonke abasebenzisi bemigwaqo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokukhula,ikusasa lokukhanyisa umgwaqokulindeleke ukuthi isebenze kahle futhi iqhubeke isikhathi eside, ivule indlela yezindawo zasemadolobheni eziphephile nezinempilo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-31-2024
